In Kazakhstan, the gap between the demand for and the availability of organ donations is significant. With more individuals needing transplants than there are organs available, a careful balance is required to determine who receives an organ. The key factors considered in this process are:
The organ matching process begins with a computer system that filters out potential recipients who do not meet the necessary criteria for a match. This initial filtering considers various factors, including:
Organs must be transplanted within hours of recovery to remain viable. Therefore, priority is given to candidates at transplant centers closest to the donor hospital. This geographical consideration helps ensure that the organ can be successfully transplanted within the critical time frame.
The size of the organ is crucial for a successful transplant. For example, pediatric patients generally have better outcomes with organ sizes that match their own. As a result, children typically receive priority for organs that are suited to their size.
The allocation of organs involves a combination of general and organ-specific factors:
The preservation time for organs is limited. They cannot be frozen and stored for extended periods. Here are the typical preservation times for different organs: